نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 گروه روان شناسی مشاوره و تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 گروه روان شناسی مشاوره و تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی مشاوره و تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه کارکردهای اجرایی گرم در دانش‌آموزان تیزهوش با پیشرفت بالا و دانش-آموزان تیزهوش کم‌پیشرفت انجام شد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع علی- مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعۀ پژوهش شامل کلیه دانش‌آموزان دختر مدارس استعداد درخشان متوسطه دوم شهر یزد بود که در سال تحصیلی 1403-1404 مشغول به تحصیل بودند. از بین آن‌ها به روش نمونه‌گیری دردسترس 191 نفر انتخاب شدند. سپس بر اساس یک انحراف معیار بالاتر و یک انحراف معیار پایین‌تر از میانگین معدل‌ها، دو گروه دانش‌آموزان تیزهوش با پیشرفت بالا (44 نفر) و کم‌پیشرفت (46 نفر) تعیین شدند. ابزارهای این پژوهش شامل پرسشنامۀ خودنظم‌دهی هیجانی (ERQ) هافمن و کاشدان (۲۰1۰)، پرسشنامۀ انعطاف‌پذیری هیجانی (EFS) رشید و بیات (1398) و پرسشنامۀ کاهش ارزش تأخیر پاداش (DDS) کربای، پتری و بیکل (1999) بود.
یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون تی مستقل نشان داد کارکردهای اجرایی گرم شامل خودنظم‌دهی هیجانی، انعطاف‌پذیری هیجانی و کاهش ارزش تأخیر در گروه دانش‌آموزان تیزهوش با پیشرفت بالا به‌طور معناداری از گروه دانش‌آموزان تیزهوش کم‌پیشرفت بیشتر است.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت دانش‌آموزان تیزهوش کم‌پیشرفت نسبت به دانش‌آموزان تیزهوش با پیشرفت بالا، در کارکردهای اجرایی گرم ضعف دارند؛ بنابراین، توجه به این ابعاد در طراحی برنامه‌های آموزشی و مداخله‌ای جهت بهبود کم‌پیشرفتی در تیزهوشان پیشنهاد می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Executive Functions and Academic Underachievement: Comparison of Hot Executive Functions in Gifted Achievers and Underachievement Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • fatemeh zarezardini 1
  • Hossein Kareshki 2
  • Sakineh Soltani Kouhbanani 3
  • maryam bordbar 4

1 . PhD student in educational Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 . Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

4 . Assistant Professor, Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education Sciences and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Background and aim: The present study aimed to compare the hot executive functions between achieving gifted students and underachieving gifted students.
Data and method: The research design was causal-comparative. The statistical population of this study included all female students of the gifted secondary schools in the city of Yazd during the academic year 2024-2025. From among them, 191 individuals were selected by the available sampling method. Then, based on one standard deviation above and one standard deviation below the mean grade point average, two groups were identified: gifted students with high achievement (44 students) and gifted students with low achievement (46 students). The questionnaires used in this research included the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) Hofmann & Kashdan, 2010), the Emotional Flexibility Scale (EFS) Rashid & Bayat (2019), and the Delay Discounting Scale (DDS) Kirby et al., 1999).
Findings: The results of the independent samples t-test indicated that hot executive functions, including emotional self-regulation, emotional flexibility, and delay discounting, were significantly higher in the Achievers gifted students compared to the underachieving gifted students (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that underachieving gifted students exhibit deficits in Hot executive functions compared to achieving gifted students. Therefore, attention to these dimensions is recommended in designing educational and intervention programs aimed at improving underachievement among gifted students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • hot executive functions
  • gifted
  • underachievement
  • student
  • secondary schools
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